Abstract
Background
Police and security presence in healthcare settings have grown. There are few studies exploring perceptions of these law enforcement agents among US Latine immigrants, who can be vulnerable to immigration enforcement actions due to past and ongoing criminalization and anti-immigrant policies.
Objective
To explore Latine immigrants’ perceptions of law enforcement in healthcare settings.
Design
Exploratory, semi-structured qualitative interviews asked participants about their perspectives of law enforcement in healthcare settings.
Participants
English- and Spanish-speaking adult patients (n = 19) from a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) in Los Angeles, CA, serving predominantly low-income Latine immigrants.
Approach
We used the framework method for analysis to establish a codebook and inform our thematic interpretation.
Key Results
We identified three themes: (1) perceptions of safety offered by police officers are separated from the role of immigration officers; (2) perceptions of police officers are integrated into broader perceptions of the healthcare system; and (3) lived experiences, including immigration status, influenced valence response to officer uniforms and perceptions of officers. Most participants viewed police officers positively as maintaining order and safety, separating them from federal immigration enforcement actions, and reflecting on local, state, and organizational “sanctuary” or immigrant-friendly policies. Individuals with precarious immigration status more often saw officers as intimidating. Immigration enforcement remained a key concern.
Conclusions
Differentiating police and security roles from immigration enforcement in healthcare could improve Latine immigrant trust and access. Future studies should explore perspectives of Latine immigrants in localities without sanctuary laws or organizational immigrant-friendly policies.
Topic
JGIM
Author Descriptions
Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Sara A. Snyder PsyD, MPH, MA, Margarita G. Velasco MA & Altaf Saadi MD, MSc
Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
Sara A. Snyder PsyD, MPH, MA
Departments of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Krystal E. Kuan BHSN
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